Fizika 1

Sadržaj

1.1. Fizičke veličine i mjerne jedinice.............................................................10
1.2. Gibanje, put, pomak, vrijeme....................................................................17
1.3. Brzina........................................................................................................21
1.4. Akceleracija...............................................................................................28
1.5. Jednoliko pravocrtno gibanje....................................................................31
1.6. Jednoliko ubrzano pravocrtno gibanje......................................................33
1.7. Jednoliko ubrzano gibanje s početnom brizinom......................................37
1.8. Slobodni pad..............................................................................................42
1.9. Hitci...........................................................................................................46
1.10. Kružno gibanje i rotacija krutog tijela.....................................................52

2.1. Sila i međudjelovanje.................................................................................58
2.2. Newtonovi zakoni mehanike......................................................................64
2.3. Sila teža i težina..........................................................................................70
2.4. Elastična sila...............................................................................................72
2.5. Sila trenja....................................................................................................76
2.6. Količina gibanja i impuls sile.....................................................................84
2.7. Moment sile i poluga..................................................................................90
2.8. Rotacija krutog tijela..................................................................................96
2.9. Kutna količina gibanja ili zamah..............................................................100
2.10. Ravnoteža krutog tijela...........................................................................104
2.11. Referentni sustavi....................................................................................108
2.12. Centripetalna sila.....................................................................................113
2.13. Gravitacijska sila.....................................................................................119

3.1. Mehanički rad............................................................................................126
3.2. Energija......................................................................................................130
3.3. Zakon očuvanja energije............................................................................136
3.4. Snaga i korisnost........................................................................................140
3.5. Rad i snaga pri rotaciji...............................................................................142

4.1. Sile u tekućinama i plinovima....................................................................146
4.2. Hidrostatski tlak..........................................................................................142
4.3. Vanjski tlak na tekućinu..............................................................................153
4.4. Atmosferski tlak..........................................................................................155
4.5. Mjerenje tlaka.............................................................................................160
4.6. Uzgon..........................................................................................................164
4.7. Protjecanje fluida........................................................................................170
4.8. Bernoullijeva jednadžba i njezina primjena................................................174
4.9. Sile u realnim tekućinama...........................................................................179

5.1. Unutarnja energija, temperatura i toplina....................................................186
5.2. Toplinsko rastezanje čvrstih tvari, tekućina i plinova..................................189
5.3. Mjerenje temperature...................................................................................195
5.4. Toplinski kapacitet tijela i načini prijelaza topline......................................198
5.5. Richmannovo pravilo...................................................................................202
5.6. Plinski zakoni...............................................................................................209
5.7. Rad u termodinamici....................................................................................217
5.8. Zakoni termodinamike.................................................................................220

6.1. Coulombov zakon........................................................................................228
6.2. Električno polje............................................................................................234
6.3. Električni potencijal i napon........................................................................239
6.4. Električni kapacitet i kondenzator................................................................243